=newsletter======23Rd of February, 2023=
What happened at the russian revolution
SUMMARY:The Russian Revolution consisted of 2 main revolutions, February revolution and October revolution. The February revolution of 1917 was the beginning of the Russian people’s revolt against Nicholas Tsar II, an unpopular ruler. It consisted of a series of public protests and strikes over an 8 day period in Petrograd from workers and demonstrators. The Tsar ordered the army to suppress the protests but soon after the army turned their back against the Tsar and was forced to give up the throne. Russia soon came up with two governments: the petrograd soviet, who represented the workers and soldiers, and provisional government, the old government working under Tsar except there was no longer Tsar.The two sides ruled Russia for a few months.Of the Petrograd soviet, there was a main group called
the Bolsheviks, which was led by Vladmir Lenin. This group believed that the Russian government should be a communist one. The October Revolution, otherwise known as Bolshevik Revolution, was the revolution in which Lenin took full control of the Russian government becoming the world’ first communist country.
After this revolution, a civil war occurred. There were Red and white armies, red being Lenin’s Bolshevik government and White being the large group of loosely allied forces that included monarchists, capitalists and democratic socialism supporters. The civil war ended in 1923 with Lenin winning it.
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| NAME | SIGNIFICANCE |
|---|---|
| Vladmir Lenin | Leader of the Bolshevik party, which was determined in changing the societal economic state of Russia. Lenin became the first founding head of the Soviet Union which changed Russia from a Monarchial country to a communist country. |
| Nicholas Tsar II | Ruler of Russia. Nicholas wasn’t trained to rule or had any interest. His poor leadership and uninterest in his own country helped provoke the Russian revolution which led to the fall of the Tsars. |
| Stalin | Part of the Bolshevik party, Stalin aided Lenin to evade capture and to rise to power. Soon after Lenin’s death, Stalin became the dictator of the Soviet Union. He wanted the government to control the economy and did so by erasing private family farming by eliminating anyone who opposed him. To increase agricultural production he replaced the NEP with collective farming. |
NATION'S ROLE: - Everyone in the nation had a role in finding out how they wanted to shape their country
↳ Part-taking in strikes and protests
↳ Picking and choosing the side that best fit with their beliefs
ex.communist vs old government, red armies vs white armies
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Map of Russian Revolution
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Peace, Bread & land
PEACE: - Ending of war
↳ Peace was desired by the soldiers at the front. Peace was fulfilled with the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ending their participation in WW1, but also losing territories to Germany from the treaty. The peace was soon disrupted by the civil war.
BREAD: - Relief from prevalent hunger
↳ Desired by everyone as the war created food shortages all over Russia. The civil war was a time of famine, many soldiers took food from peasant villages
LAND: - Self-sufficiency for the peasant population
↳ Land was most desired by peasants as for the past 50 years they suffered from acute “land hunger”. Lenin’s promise gave peasants hope in which they would become individual land owners, this hope was crushed as soviet leaders feared capitalism would be restored by the individual land ownership of peasants. Peasants continued to work, but now under the government.
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Ukraine and Russia???
Whats up with them?
Ukraine being the most prosperous land in Russia made it one of the major wheat-producing regions and had access to a lot of valuable minerals like iron and coal. Ukraine was added into the Russian Empire in 1793. Ukraine proclaimed their independence in February of 1917 the same time the February Russian revolution occurred. However, the Russian revolution and Bolshevik had a huge influence on Ukrainian people’s beliefs which prompted Germany and Austria-Hungary to aid Ukraine in gaining their independence by annexing the country. This only lasted till 1918 because of the armistice and peace treaty of WWI. Ukraine was being invaded by Russia which pressured Ukraine to ask for help but they eventually got invaded by Russia and was added to the USSR evidently losing their independence. Ukraine gained their independence back after the collapse of the USSR. Ultimately, the strength of Russia and Ukraine as one in the USSR and Russian Empire which made Putin want to invade Ukraine and unite the two countries together as well as gain the prosperous land Ukraine had.
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So... What was the outcome?
- Russian Revolution ended in 1923
- End of the Russian empire
- Establishment of the USSR
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